Treatment of osteoporosis should always include a balanced diet, adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise, safety precautions to prevent a fall, preventing the sale of tobacco products and limited consumption of alcohol. However, if osteoporosis is diagnosed, these important lifestyle changes alone are often insufficient, treatment may be necessary to stop further bone loss and prevent fractures. Federal administration of medicines (FDA) has approved these drugs are listed in alphabetical order, to prevent osteoporosis and / or treatment. Bisphosphonates. There are two bisphosphonates, alendronate and
ryzedronat approved for use in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Bisphosphonates are only bones and affect the heart, breast, uterus or other body parts. Like all drugs, bisphosphonates may have side effects that should be discussed with your doctor. Side effects may include bisphosphonates heartburn and irritation of esophagus, but you can usually avoid taking medication properly. Bisphosphonates should be taken first in the morning on an empty stomach, drinking a full glass of water from the tap. Do not take these drugs with other drinks such as orange juice, milk or coffee. After taking this medication, you must remain upright (in a sitting position or standing) and avoid bending over or lying down for 30 minutes. - Alendronate (fosamaks) is approved by the FDA for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men. In addition, alendronate, is designed to treat men and women with osteoporosis after prolonged use of steroid medications such as prednisone or cortisone. For the prevention of osteoporosis, alendronate is available as a 5 mg tablet daily or 35 mg tablets once a week. For the treatment of osteoporosis, alendronate 10 mg pill approved to be taken daily or 70 mg tablets once a week. Clinical studies show alendronate prevents bone loss and reduces the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures (fractures of the spine and other non-backbone areas such as hips) in patients with osteoporosis. - Ryzedronat (Actonel) will be approved by the FDA as a 5 mg tablet daily or 35 mg tablets once a week for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In addition, ryzedronat can be used to treat women and men with osteoporosis resulting from long-term use of steroid drugs or to prevent osteoporosis associated with steroid use. Ryzedronat prevents bone loss and reduces the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures (fractures of the spine and other non-backbone area) in patients with osteoporosis. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) is a hormone that is usually prescribed as a nasal spray. It is also available by injection. Calcitonin is approved for treatment of osteoporosis in women who were postmenopausal for five years or more. Calcitonin may reduce bone loss in the spine, but is the least powerful of all approved drugs. Studies have shown that calcitonin reduces the risk of spine fractures in older women, but to a lesser extent than other drugs. There is no evidence that calcitonin reduces the incidence of fractures anywhere, except the spine. Calcitonin may have some pain after the fracture properties of the spine. As Alendronate and ryzedronat, calcitonin affects bone and will not change your risk of other diseases. Possible side effects are usually mild (runny nose, nasal bleeding and nasal pain) and should be discussed with your doctor. Therapy of estrogen and hormone therapies approved by the FDA for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Estrogen therapy (ET) is available in either a pill or patch. If you have an intact uterus, your doctor will likely prescribe the hormone progestin in combination with estrogen. Estrogen and progestin is called hormone therapy (HT). ET or GT is often lasix drug side effects prescribed for relief of the most common symptoms of menopause, women face, including hot flashes, night sweats and other symptoms, including urinary vaginal dryness. And ET and HT protect against rapid bone loss that occurs in the first five years after menopause. A woman can lose up to 15% of his life skeleton without estrogen protection. HT reduces the risk of fractures, including hip fractures and colon cancer decreases, but increases the risk of breast cancer, heart disease, blood clots and stroke. It is likely that only estrogen (ET) reduces the incidence of fractures, but the size reduction of the fracture, as well as his other benefits and risks that are currently under investigation. For many women, the benefits of ET / HT for the prevention of osteoporosis, may not outweigh the risks. You and your doctor with your view of menopause as well as your personal and family history of osteoporosis, heart disease and some cancers, you must carefully weigh the benefits and risks of taking or continuing to take ET or GT.
In general, ET / HT use for a short period of time possible. If the health worker sets ET or GT, it is important to discuss how long you should stay on treatment. It is important to understand what rapid loss of bone (15% at 5 years) will occur when you stop taking ET or GT, no matter how long you were on it. When choosing ET / HT for the prevention of osteoporosis, it is important to understand that there are alternative medications to prevent bone loss and reduce the risk for osteoporosis-related fractures. Raloksifen (Evista) is approved by the FDA as 60 mg tablets for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Raloksifen increases bone mass throughout the skeleton and reduces the risk of fractures of the spine. Clinical trials are currently studying the effect of raloxifene on hip and other non-spinal fractures. Raloksifen may have a potential impact on other parts of the body besides the bones, such as heart, breast and uterus. Influence of raloxifene on the heart is unclear, but the big test in motion, that we will have more information. Research has shown that raloksifen may provide a protective effect on breast tissue. Raloksifen can have negative consequences, such as increased hot flashes, increased risk of blood clots in the veins of the legs or lungs (similar to estrogen), cramping calf muscles and fluid retention. Like all medicines, it is important to discuss all potential benefits and risks of taking this medication with your doctor. Teriparatide (Forteo) is available only by injection. It is a form of human parathyroid glands hormone (PTH) approved for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men who are prone to high risk of fractures. Persons at high risk of fractures include postmenopausal women and men who had one or more fractures, which have very low bone density, or not tolerated and successfully responded to previous medications for the treatment of osteoporosis. Teriparatide should not be used to prevent osteoporosis and to treat patients who are not at high risk of fractures. Clinical studies have shown that bone mass increases teriparatide, restores the internal architecture of osteoporotic bone and reduces the risk for spine and other fractures in postmenopausal women. The most common side effects include dizziness and leg cramps. Elevations in calcium in the blood and urine calcium may also occur. Side effects such as nausea, joint and muscle pain and general weakness are rare. Safety and benefits of teriparatide have not been evaluated by more than two years, so treatment for more than two years is not recommended. |
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